Treatment of this condition with antimalarial and other drugs has also shown to be less effective in smokers
Other Complications Pulmonary Complications The lungs of smokers are already damaged and it takes up to 12 months for them to function normally
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Addiction itself, whether to nicotine or other drugs, can drive undesirable behaviors
Alternative product adoption: The high cost of traditional cigarettes has accelerated adoption of alternative nicotine products, including e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and nicotine replacement therapies
On the other hand, substance use, including nicotine exposure, may cause damage to the brain and accelerate brain aging potentially through its neurotoxic properties, indirectly exacerbated by excessive smoking 8,10