Variation in the gut microbiota of laboratory mice is related to both genetic and environmental factors (in Eng)
Injections offer superior bioavailability, especially for *Vitamin B12*, which can be poorly absorbed orally in some individuals
As an additional example to that of the trefoil peptides noted above, the peptide EGF (epidermal growth factor) is produced in human milk to promote growth of the gastrointestinal tract in newborn infants, but the same peptide aggressively stimulates the growth of breast cancer cells in adults
This is the most common misconception
Tiaminal B12 injection combines vitamins B1 and B12
It can show up in infections, IBD, heavy alcohol use, chronic stress, and long-term NSAID use